1831
Events
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April 18, 1831
June 1, 1831
James Clark Ross discovers the North Magnetic Pole. The Earth's North Magnetic Pole is the point on the surface of the Northern Hemisphere at which the Earth's magnetic field points vertically downwards. The North Magnetic Pole moves over time due to magnetic changes in the Earth's core. In 2001, it was determined by the Geological Survey of Canada to lie near Ellesmere Island in northern Canada at 81.3°N 110.8°W. It was estimated to be at 82.7°N 114.4°W in 2005. In 2009, it was moving toward Russia at between 34 and 37 mi (55-60 km) per year.Births
March 3, 1831
George Mortimer Pullman was an American inventor and industrialist. He is known as the inventor of the Pullman sleeping car, and for violently suppressing striking workers in the company town he created, Pullman (which was later annexed and absorbed by Chicago becoming a neighborhood).
April 8, 1831
Jem Mace was an English boxing champion. He was born at Beeston, Norfolk. Although nicknamed "The Gypsy", he denied Romani ethnicity in his autobiography. A middleweight, he succeeded in outboxing heavier opponents thanks to his dancing style, clever defensive tactics and powerful, accurate punching.
April 14, 1831
Friedrich Gerhard Rohlfs was a German geographer, explorer, author and adventurer.
May 16, 1831
David Edward Hughes, was a British scientist and musician. Hughes was co-inventor of the microphone, a harpist and a professor of music.
June 13, 1831
James Clerk Maxwell of Glenlair was a Scottish physicist and mathematician. His most prominent achievement was formulating classical electromagnetic theory. This united all previously unrelated observations, experiments and equations of electricity, magnetism and even optics into a consistent theory.
Deaths
June 27, 1831
Marie-Sophie Germain was a French mathematician, physicist and philosopher. Despite initial opposition from her parents and difficulties presented by a gender-biased society, she gained education from books in her father's library and from correspondence with famous mathematicians such as LaGrange, Legendre, and Gauss. One of the pioneers of elasticity theory, she won the grand prize from the Paris Academy of Sciences for her essay on the subject.
«The only history that is worth a tinker's damn is the history we make today»
Henry Ford
«The very ink with which all history is written is merely fluid prejudice»
Mark Twain
«Nowhere is it ordained that history moves in a straight line»
Barack Obama
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actor actress Alabama American actor American actress American Civil War American film director American inventor American musician American singer American writer Apple architect artist astronomer Austrian composer battle boxer bridge British writer Canada car chemist China comedian composer dramatist earthquake engineer English actor English musician English poet English singer English writer explorer film director fire first flight Florida France French actor French composer French mathematician French painter French poet French writer general German composer German physicist German writer guitarist historian industrialist inventor Italian composer Italian painter Italy Japan jazz journalist London magazine Mars mathematician musician Napoleonic Wars NASA naval battle New Jersey New York City Nobel laureate novelist painter patent philosopher physician physicist playwright poet politician President of the United States revolutionary Russian composer Russian painter Russian poet Russian writer scientist sculptor singer songwriter Soviet physicist space spacecraft statesman submarine UFO United States university World War I World War II writer
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